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4K HD? End of the line for CRT?
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cmjohnson



Joined: 03 Apr 2006
Posts: 5180
Location: Buried under G90s

Posted: Sun Jul 13, 2014 11:02 pm    Post subject: 4K HD? End of the line for CRT?

I figured the day was going to come when the venerable CRT projector was going to be eclipsed, at least in resolution capacity,
by newer digital display systems.

That day has arrived with the advent of 4K HD.

I'm not confident that even LUG tubes with optimized Frankyoke Mark IIs have the resolution capacity needed to resolve
4K at an MTF value that's worth mentioning.

I'm pretty confident that the best lenses on the market (GT17s) MIGHT be able to resolve the image IF you can get that
resolution on the CRT face as the HD10GT17 lens is rated to resolve 12 line pairs per millimeter, and assuming your raster height is 4 inches, which is 101.6 inches, then you would have a line density of 9.8425 line PAIRS per millimeter. (4K
being 4000 x 2000 resolution, or 4000 x 1000 line pairs.)

So we MIGHT have a tube that can do it. (Don't know the minimum possible spot size of a LUG tube.)
We apparently DO have lenses that can (theoretically) do it.

We MIGHT have focus yokes (after modification) that can do it.

But we don't have the video chain bandwidth to do it.

That 4K signal in a CRT projector eventually has to be broken down to video drive signals that change the intensity of the
flying electron beam up to 8 million times per frame, and maybe up to 60 frames per second if not more, eventually.

As per an article from cnet:
Quote:
First, here's where we are now. The until-now most recent version of the HDMI specification was version 1.4. It specified a number of things, like 4,096x2,160-pixel resolution up to 24 frames per second, or 3,820x2,160 up to 30fps. If you've bought any gear with an HDMI connector in the past few years, it's probably version 1.4. It carried over all the features and support from previous versions, plus added 3D , Audio Return Channel, and so on.

2.0 for 4K
With the TV industry moving inexorably toward Ultra HD "4K," it was clear there needed to be more bandwidth in the connection to handle the future's higher resolutions and frame rates. On that front, HDMI 2.0 delivers, supporting "4K" (2160p by the Forum's explanation) up to 60fps. This allows for full-resolution 4K 3D, along with higher-frame-rate 2D content, like (potentially) home videos and computer games (PC, not PS4/Xbox One). Since almost all movies are shot at 24fps , this increase is less important for feature films or scripted TV shows.


Problem is, 24 FPS isn't usable on a CRT projector system. Especially if you have the fast phosphor LUGs which may be
the only tubes that have a prayer of resolving 4K. So you have to boost the bandwidth and refresh rate to 60 Hz, and so your dead minimum bandwidth for the visible picture ALONE is now up to 531 MHz NOT counting necessary overhead.

It looks like 600 MHz of FLAT response video bandwidth for the whole system, from input jack to screen, is the price of
admission for a CRT projection system to do 4K right.


But wait, there's more problems to address! It's possible to build an amplifier with a flat bandwidth of 600 MHz,
or even a whole new video chain, for a price, but at the required power level it's going to get expensive! That neck card
is an RF power amplifier and the reason why there are three pairs of those infamous Motorola power transistors on a single
Marquee neck card is because that video bandwidth has to be delivered with a substantial amount of RF power. I think
that it's something over 20 watts, IIRC.

At a 600 MHz bandwidth requirement and 20 watts plus final drive, your whole video chain will have to be substantially
modified (or even replaced entirely with a custom built system) and that's even assuming you can get the 4K signal
into your projector.

And that brings up the final question: Is there even enough remaining market for Moome to even THINK about making
and selling 4K capable HDMI input cards?

i'd be surprised if there was enough interest.

I think 4K is something we will never see in a CRT projector.
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jeffslife



Joined: 17 Apr 2010
Posts: 4190
Location: ohio usa

Posted: Sun Jul 13, 2014 11:12 pm    Post subject:

At my local video store only about 40% of the titles are available in blu ray. That number last year was about 20%. A lot of people don't even own a BD player. I cant imagine 4K being viable when BD hasn't even become mainstream yet.
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tschaeikaei



Joined: 08 Apr 2013
Posts: 490
Location: Germany/Saarland

Posted: Sun Jul 13, 2014 11:24 pm    Post subject:

Did you think about going interlaced?
I don't know if the framerate of 4k blu ray disks is 24 or 23.9xxHz, but if you double that number, you'll get 48Hz (or 47.xx).
That's 2160*48/2=51.8kHz, add porches and you are at about 55-60KHz.
Good to handle on every higher end machine.
The bandwidth needed would still be high: 3840*2160*48/2=199MHz, 260MHz with a porches-factor of 1.3.
But that should be achievable.
I read from Mike Parker, that a 9500 Ultra should (after modding) easily do 240MHz, that's not far from 260.
Noos37XP did 4k interlaced on a Sony HDIH (best lenses and "resolution king", as he said)
and on various other projectors. There are videos on youtube.

But my personal opinion (or guess) is that 48Hz is not enough for a watchable picture.
Not on a fast green tube. On the normal P22 green it should be fine.
But if it's interlaced, you will maybe get lots of motion blur.
But... you do have a high end CRT projector?
Try it.
Regards, Julian

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tschaeikaei



Joined: 08 Apr 2013
Posts: 490
Location: Germany/Saarland

Posted: Sun Jul 13, 2014 11:30 pm    Post subject:

Quote:
I cant imagine 4K being viable when BD hasn't even become mainstream yet.

Yes, my thoughts, too.
I was at a big local electronics market this week. No 4k blu rays. None at all.
Ok, the "amazing spider man". But thats it. Let's wait another year or two.

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Nashou66



Joined: 12 Jan 2007
Posts: 16171
Location: West Seneca NY

Posted: Mon Jul 14, 2014 2:40 am    Post subject:

Only if you blend,

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iZdzBNPfq8E

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km987654



Joined: 25 Jul 2007
Posts: 2874
Location: Australia

TV/Projector: Barco BG809s

Posted: Mon Jul 14, 2014 4:38 am    Post subject:

jeffslife wrote:
At my local video store only about 40% of the titles are available in blu ray. That number last year was about 20%. A lot of people don't even own a BD player. I cant imagine 4K being viable when BD hasn't even become mainstream yet.



I am amazed at the number of DVD titles there are. I mean there are now a considerable number of BD titles but DVD out number BD titles by reasonable factor. So how many 4K titles will there be?


In any event BD looks great scaled down so why won't 4K be the same??


Last edited by km987654 on Tue Jul 15, 2014 8:44 am; edited 1 time in total
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km987654



Joined: 25 Jul 2007
Posts: 2874
Location: Australia

TV/Projector: Barco BG809s

Posted: Mon Jul 14, 2014 4:39 am    Post subject:

Nashou66 wrote:
Only if you blend,

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iZdzBNPfq8E


Something to get into I think.
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stridsvognen
Guest






Posted: Mon Jul 14, 2014 6:04 am    Post subject:

I think that downscaling is the only solution.

Get the best downscaling to 1920x1080P 60-72hz, hope 4K will be a higher native framerate, and less compressed, with better bit dept.

There is only some modified Marquee machines who resolves a decent 1080P 60hz, so why even think about pushing 4K on a CRT.?

Will it be possible on a blend.? sure.. but only displaying it, not resolving it, and if you cant resolve it, whats the reason.?

Who run 1080P 60hz on a 7" CRT projector, and why not.?
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redfox001



Joined: 16 Mar 2009
Posts: 2257
Location: The Netherlands

Posted: Mon Jul 14, 2014 9:18 am    Post subject:

One thing to add to this discussion is the question if 4k will give a better image on CRT anyway. On led tv they say it reduces the screendoor effect and it is only noticeable close to a screen.

So before having a 4k problem I would like to know is there is a visible difference.

One thing to make me feel comfortable with 1080p is that I have seen 4k tv's with normal material and they looked terrible and the best demo material on a 4k looked the same as my 1080p led tv when I took some distance from it. The 4k screen happened to be a very large screen for obvious reasons to make it noticeable with only the best demo material.

On the other hand I see that increasing the bandwidth on a Cine 9 makes the image almost as hard as digital. Do I like that??? It starts to look like video. I don't know if you guys know what I mean. Less filmish.

To sum it up. I am not convinced yet of the vallue of 4k. But I do enjoy 720p material almost as much as 1080p so perhaps I am not critical enough Very Happy
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stridsvognen
Guest






Posted: Mon Jul 14, 2014 9:26 am    Post subject:

redfox001 wrote:
One thing to add to this discussion is the question if 4k will give a better image on CRT anyway. On led tv they say it reduces the screendoor effect and it is only noticeable close to a screen.

So before having a 4k problem I would like to know is there is a visible difference.

One thing to make me feel comfortable with 1080p is that I have seen 4k tv's with normal material and they looked terrible and the best demo material on a 4k looked the same as my 1080p led tv when I took some distance from it. The 4k screen happened to be a very large screen for obvious reasons to make it noticeable with only the best demo material.

On the other hand I see that increasing the bandwidth on a Cine 9 makes the image almost as hard as digital. Do I like that??? It starts to look like video. I don't know if you guys know what I mean. Less filmish.

To sum it up. I am not convinced yet of the vallue of 4k. But I do enjoy 720p material almost as much as 1080p so perhaps I am not critical enough Very Happy


Curious how you have been able to increase the bandwidth on a 909.?

Can you resolve the 720P 60hz SMPTE perfect on your 909.?
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redfox001



Joined: 16 Mar 2009
Posts: 2257
Location: The Netherlands

Posted: Mon Jul 14, 2014 10:48 am    Post subject:

Why is that curious? You have seen the one on one pictures. Might be that I don't understand it yet but if the colour difference becomes less than there is more bandwidth not? How can you even argue with this without denying one of the premises. Was there not less colour difference? Did this not proof the bandwith went up?

The rest is subjective of cause and I don't want to say I am certain that higher bandwidth will not improve the picture or that 4k will not be an improvement. I don't know that yet.
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stridsvognen
Guest






Posted: Mon Jul 14, 2014 11:20 am    Post subject:

redfox001 wrote:
Why is that curious? You have seen the one on one pictures. Might be that I don't understand it yet but if the colour difference becomes less than there is more bandwidth not? How can you even argue with this without denying one of the premises. Was there not less colour difference? Did this not proof the bandwith went up?

The rest is subjective of cause and I don't want to say I am certain that higher bandwidth will not improve the picture or that 4k will not be an improvement. I don't know that yet.


What im curious is if you improved the projectors bandwidth, or changed DA converter, the bandwidth has nothing to do with focus and setup, the bandwidth is the response you have in your video chain. Focus and setup always have to be the best it can be.

A bad setup will sure make a worse image, but to change bandwidth you need to change hardware, just like changing or making modifications to boards in the video chain.

Try run a 720P 60hz SMPTE pattern and see if thats perfect, its around 75Mhz

If thats not perfect, then imagine how far out 4K will be.

Ideal for most 9" CRT would be a native 720P format, so we was able to display something we can resolve, and keep 1:1 pixel mapping.

As i asked before.. Anyone run 1080P on a 7" CRT projector. And why not.? And the same answer will apply to the 4K question.
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redfox001



Joined: 16 Mar 2009
Posts: 2257
Location: The Netherlands

Posted: Mon Jul 14, 2014 11:38 am    Post subject:

Ok good point. I have to agree I changed hardware and setup focus etc. So I am not certain what made the picture a little hard/unnatural in my feeling and it might be that after another setup I agree that the higher the bandwidth the better I hope so!
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cmjohnson



Joined: 03 Apr 2006
Posts: 5180
Location: Buried under G90s

Posted: Tue Jul 15, 2014 2:07 am    Post subject:

I have been out of the loop for a while, so to speak. Not really paying attention to this forum.

Please point me to information regarding the latest high bandwidth MP video chain mods. I may be very interested in pursuing them.
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digitalayon



Joined: 02 Mar 2009
Posts: 921


Posted: Fri Jul 18, 2014 5:10 pm    Post subject:

Still tons of theaters are only 1080p and not 4k. 4K is really only going to be flat panel for the most part for the next 3-4 years......so enjoy your PJ.
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jbmeyer13



Joined: 03 Dec 2010
Posts: 1135


Posted: Fri Jul 18, 2014 8:12 pm    Post subject:

cmjohnson wrote:
I have been out of the loop for a while, so to speak. Not really paying attention to this forum.

Please point me to information regarding the latest high bandwidth MP video chain mods. I may be very interested in pursuing them.


See this thread: https://www.curtpalme.com/forum_archived/viewtopic.php@t=34966.html

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ecrabb
Forum Moderator


Joined: 13 Mar 2006
Posts: 15909
Location: Utah

TV/Projector: JVC RS40, Epson 5010

Posted: Fri Jul 18, 2014 9:17 pm    Post subject:

digitalayon wrote:
Still tons of theaters are only 1080p and not 4k. 4K is really only going to be flat panel for the most part for the next 3-4 years......so enjoy your PJ.

VERY little new content is being produced in 4K. While there is content being acquired in 4k, it's not being produced or finished in 4k. So, for the next few years, there won't be much for CRT'ers to be envious of. Now, a couple of years from now? All bets are off.

SC
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JayAllan



Joined: 03 Jun 2007
Posts: 175
Location: Los Angeles

Posted: Sat Jul 19, 2014 3:36 am    Post subject:

ecrabb wrote:
digitalayon wrote:
Still tons of theaters are only 1080p and not 4k. 4K is really only going to be flat panel for the most part for the next 3-4 years......so enjoy your PJ.

VERY little new content is being produced in 4K. While there is content being acquired in 4k, it's not being produced or finished in 4k. So, for the next few years, there won't be much for CRT'ers to be envious of. Now, a couple of years from now? All bets are off.

SC


Almost ALL content is being produced in at least 4k. We are now shooting in 4k, and most every movie made since the 40s is in higher resolution (and can be scanned and downsampled) to 4k. Almost all feature films and TV shot on digital are shot it 4k or higher (the Red Epics are 5k) and film is natively higher than that.
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Spanky Ham



Joined: 22 Mar 2006
Posts: 5643
Location: Comedy Central

Posted: Sat Jul 19, 2014 4:08 am    Post subject:

As you said, I thought everything was shot in 4k, but I thought downrezzed (?) after that. Are they archiving everything at 4k? Unless it has changed recently, my best friend said that CGI/animation was done at 1080p.
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ecrabb
Forum Moderator


Joined: 13 Mar 2006
Posts: 15909
Location: Utah

TV/Projector: JVC RS40, Epson 5010

Posted: Sat Jul 19, 2014 4:25 am    Post subject:

Spanky Ham wrote:
As you said, I thought everything was shot in 4k, but I thought downrezzed (?) after that. Are they archiving everything at 4k? Unless it has changed recently, my best friend said that CGI/animation was done at 1080p.

Exactly. 2k, actually… But, yes. Not 4k.

JayAllan wrote:
Almost ALL content is being produced in at least 4k. We are now shooting in 4k, and most every movie made since the 40s is in higher resolution (and can be scanned and downsampled) to 4k. Almost all feature films and TV shot on digital are shot it 4k or higher (the Red Epics are 5k) and film is natively higher than that.


I'm not disputing that a lot of content is being acquired in 4k, Jay… Read what I wrote (emphasis added): "While there is content being acquired in 4k, it's not being produced or finished in 4k." I stand by that - most movies still aren't being produced in 4k.

We were talking to some guys from Lucasfilm earlier this year about it. Their entire campus - from the network, to the storage, to the editing - isn't set up for 4k. He threw out some dollar amount (that I don't recall, but I think it was in the hundreds of millions) that it would cost to upgrade the whole facility to handle 4k from ingest to mastering. Ouch.

So, while equipment like Red cameras and Canon Cinema EOS is making it easier for independent shooters to acquire in 4k, and good fast computers can even edit and finish small productions in 4k, that's a very different animal than Hollywood productions an their megabuck workflows. Big VFX houses like Lucasfilm/ILM, Digital Domain, Blue Sky, or Rhythm & Hues are going to have to upgrade their entire production pipeline to handle an all-4k workflow as quickly and efficiently as it does 2k now. Who's going to pay for all that when there aren't even that many 4k screens yet?!

Yes, of course old prints can be re-scanned and cleaned up (again, just like they were for Blu-ray). I'm a big fan of film and scanning and restoring old content, but I wouldn't go so far as to say 35mm prints are "natively higher than 4k". Kodak always said the negs right out of the camera, under optimal circumstances were around 6k, but the print>interneg>print process reduced that resolution significantly - to in most cases 2-3k. Unless you're talking about 70mm, a print scanned and remastered today will yield resolution inferior to output from an Alexa or even an Epic with newer, sharper, flatter lenses.

Regards,
SC
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